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MMR-History & Controversies

A well defined but variegated mixed methods community emerged in the 1990s at the end of the paradigm wars. From from being a vehicle of peace, many of the controversies now reflect unresolved issues of the paradigm wars.

Read more about the paradigm wars in Gage, N. L. (1989). The paradigm wars and their aftermath a “historical” sketch of research on teaching since 1989. Educational Researcher, 18(7), 4-10.

Historically in the field of Administrative Science, Jick (1979) explored the utility of combining methods. He argued that "there is a distinct tradition in the liteature on social science research methods that advocates the use of multiple methods. This form of research strategy is usally described as one of convergent methodology, multimethodmultitrait . . . These various notions share the conception that qualitative and quantitative methods should be viewed as complementary rather than as rival camps.

•Jick, T. D. (1979). Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: Triangulation in action. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 602-611.



In sociology, Sieber (1973) wrote an article on the integration of fieldwork and survey methods in 1973.

Sieber, S. D. (1973). The integration of fieldwork and survey methods. American journal of sociology, 78(6), 1335-1359.
Article here



Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14-26.

 

Maxwell (2016) presented a powerful argument. He proposed that “the deliberate and systematic use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches and methods, and the integration of these, was present long before anyone had labelled this as a particular type of research, and even before the terms qualitative and quantitative were established, and continues to be more widely used in forms largely unacknowledged in the mixed methods literature” (p. 13)

•Maxwell, J. A. (2016). Expanding the history and range of mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 10(1), 12-27.



Creswell, an early leader in the modern movement discusses eleven key controversies in MMR that are still relevant to this point.

Creswell, J. W. (2011). Controversies in mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, Vol. 4, Pages 269-284.

Read here






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School of Education
University of the West Indies, St. Augustine
St. Augustine

ph: 868-477-1500

delislejerome@gmail.com